The Organ of Norwich Cathedral

 

orgnorwi.jpg (15812 Byte)Like most Cathedrals, Norwich has had many different organs throughout its near nine hundred years of history, and the present instrument, easily the largest fo them all, contains pipework by builders from the seventeenth century to the present day. A fuller account of such information as we have about the pre-Restoration organs is given by Noel Boston in 'The Musical History of Norwich Cathedral', but though this is concerned with the aorgan of today, it is relevant to list the instruments and the chief rebuildings that have taken place since in 1643 the Puritans wrought their work of destruction upon the monuments and furnishings, 'toting upon the destroyed Organ pipes............

The post-Restoration organ was built in London by a Dailam, one of the sons of the famous builder of the King's College, Cambridge, instrument, and was installed on the pulpitum screen in 1664. Only twenty-five years later this was considerably enlarged by Renatus Harris, so that by 1690 it had ten stops on the great manual, five on the choir, and five on the echo. A few years later, Christian Smith, nephew of the better-known Father Smithy, was called in to overhaul the Cathedral organ, and to add trumpet stops.

In 1760 John Byfield, who had married into the Harris family, rebuilt the organ but did not enlarge it. Even at the next and more radical rebuilding by J.C. Bishop in 1934, the organ was not much enlarged, though a swell replaced the echo division, an octave and a half of 'German' pedals appeared, the five-rank cornet on the great gave way to the clarebella, and combination pedals were provided to enable the player to change stops without having to use his hands.

Norman and Beard of Norwich first enter this history in 1899, when they were engaged to build a five manual instrument. This had sixty-two speaking stops, including the ten stop echo organ enclosed in a swell box at the south-east corner of the choir triforium. The remainder of the instrument was situated in a new case on the screens, with the exception of some pedal stops which were in the south triforium . The console was on the south side of the screen.

Organ Specifications

Pedal   Swell  
Double Open Wood 32 Contra Geigen 16
Open Wood No. 1 16 Dourdon 16
Open Wood No. 2   Open Diapason 8
(from No.1) 16 Rohr Gedeckt 8
Open Diapason No. 1 16 Salicional 8
Open Diapason No. 2   Voix Celeste II rks 8
(from Great) 16 Principal 4
Violone (wood) 16 Stopped flute 4
Contra Viol   Fifteenth 2
(from Solo) 16 Larigot 11/3
Bourdon 16 Sesquialtera (12.17) II
Gedeckt (from Great) 16 Mixture  
Dulciana 16 (15,19,22,26,29) V
Quint 102/3 Sharp Mixture  
Octave Wood   (22,26,29,33) IV
(from No. 2) 8 Oboe 8
Principal (from No. 4) 8 Contra Fagotto 16
Bass Flute(from No. 8) 8 Horn 8
Violoncello(from No.6) 8 Trumpet 8
Octave Dulciana   Clarion 4
(from No.10) 8 Tremulant  
Twelfth   Octave - Suboctave-  
(from No.11) 51/3 Unison off  
Superoctave   Solo to Swell  
(from No.2) 4    
Fifteenth (from No.4) 4    
Octave fluet   Choir  
(from No.8) 4    
Mixture 19.22 II rks    
Bass Trombone 32 Positif - Unenclosed)  
Ophicleide 16    
Clarion 8 Quintaten 16
Octave Clarion 4 Open Diapason  
Bass Trumpet   (partly very old) 8
(from Great 16 Chimney Flute 8
Contra Fagotto 4 Principal 4
(from Swell) 16 Nason Flute 4
Schalmei (from Choir) 16 Nazard 22/3
Solo to Pedal   Superoctave 2
Swell to Pedal   Blockflute 2
Great to Pedal   Tierce 13/5
Choir to Pedal   Cymbal 33,36 40 III rks
    Mounted Cornet  
    (from Great)  
       
Solo   Choir  
Contra Viol 16) Swell - (enclosed)  
Viole D'Orchestre 8)    
Octave Viole 4)    
Viole Celeste II rks 8 Violoncello 8
Harmonic Claribel 8 Cor de Nuit 8
Flauto Traverso 4 Dolce 8
Cor Anglais (Ten. C) 16 Unda Maris (Tenor C) 8
Orchestral Oboe 8 Undulating  
Clarinet 8 Gemshorn 4
Vox Humane 8 Glageolet 2
Orchestral Horn   Octavin 1
(old Tuba) 8 Schaleml 16
Orchestral Trumpet 16) Trumpet 8
Orchestral Trumpet 8) Octave -Suboctave-  
Orchestral Trumpet 4) Unison off  
Tuba Mirabilis 8 Solo to Choir  
(unenclosed)   Swell to Choir  
Tremulant   Great Bass Trumpet 16
Octave - suboctave -   Great Tromba 8
Unison off   Great Clarion 4
       
Accessory Controls      
       
10 Toe Pistons to Pedal Orgah   On and off thumb pistons  
10 Thumb Pistons to Pedal   *Great to Pedal *Choir to Pedal  
Organ (duplicating Toe)   *Swell to pedal *Solo to Great  
Pistons and arranged at   *Swell to Great *Pedal Ophicieide  
Bass end of Swell and   *Solo to Pedal Solo to Choir  
Great Key Slips)   *Choir to Pedal Swell to Choir  
10 Thumb Pistons to Great      
10 Thumb Pistons to Swell      
10 Thumb Pistons to Solo      
10 Thumb Pistons to Choir   Rocking Tablets  
All combinations set at      
Miniature switchboard by the      
Console   Transfer Positif to Swell  
1 Drawstop knob connecting   Transfer Great Secondary to  
Great Pistons to Pedal   Choir  
Pistons   Transfer Great Secondary to  
1 Thumb Piston to each   Swell  
manual cancelling all stops   Transfer Choir to Great  
on the manual   Great to Choir Coupler  
1 Thumb Piston cancelling      
pedal stops      
1 Thumb Piston cancelling   3 Balanced Swell pedals:  
Octave Couplers   Choir, Swell and Solo  
1 Thumb Piston cancel   Push button switch controls  
" Double-off" by rocking tablets   and luminous indicators to  
with luminous warning   blowers  
indicator   * duplicated by Toe Pistons  
       
Great Primary   Secondary  
Double Gedackt, Tenor C   Gedackt 16
(from Gt No. 13) 32 Principal 8
Double Open Diapason 16 Stopped Diapason 8
Open Diapason No. 1 8 Octave 4
Open Diapason No. 2 8 Spitz Flute 4
Quint 51/3 Wald Flute 2
Octave 4 Quartane (12./15) II
Twelfth 22/3 Furniture  
Fifteenth 2 (22.26.29.33.36) V-VI
Mixture   Mounted Cornet  
(15.19.22.26 IV rks (1.8.12.15.17) V
Bass Trumpet 16 Solo to Great  
Tromba 8 Swell to Great  
Clarion 4 Choir to Great  

Mechanical action


The Organ of Norwich Cathedral on Guild


Page created 18.02.02